Materials Science and Engineering

Ceramics – High-Performance Materials

Ceramics – High-Performance Materials focus on inorganic, non-metallic materials characterized by high hardness, thermal stability, and chemical resistance. Advanced ceramics are used in aerospace, electronics, energy, biomedical, and protective applications. Materials such as alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, and titanium diboride provide superior strength, wear resistance, and biocompatibility. Processing techniques, including sintering, hot pressing, and additive manufacturing, allow precise control of microstructure and mechanical properties. Ceramics can withstand extreme temperatures, making them ideal for turbines, engine components, and thermal barrier coatings. In healthcare, ceramic implants and prosthetics benefit from excellent biocompatibility and long-term durability. Functional ceramics are also employed in electronics, sensors, and energy storage due to their dielectric, piezoelectric, and magnetic properties. Challenges in ceramics include brittleness and processing complexity, which are addressed through composites and hybrid structures. Continuous innovation in material design and fabrication expands applications, enabling high-performance, durable, and reliable solutions across multiple engineering and industrial sectors.